Method and apparatus for multi-directional fiber optic connection

ABSTRACT

A method and apparatus are disclosed that permit multi-directional fiber optic connections to a device. The multi-directional aspect of the fiber optic connections permit the connections to be aligned closely with the direction of travel of the fiber optic cables that interface with the device. Closely aligning the fiber optic connections on the device with the fiber optic cables&#39; direction of travel maximizes the bend radius of the fiber optic cable near the point of connection or eliminates the bend altogether and reduces the likelihood of a broken fiber or signal attenuation.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.10/996,596, filed on Nov. 23, 2004, which is a continuation of U.S.patent application Ser. No. 10/651,565, filed on Aug. 29, 2003, now U.S.Pat. No. 6,821,031, which is a continuation of U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 09/871,836, filed on Jun. 1, 2001, now U.S Pat. No. 6,637,949,which applications are incorporated herein by reference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to fiber optics used for signal transfer.More particularly, the present invention is based on multi-directionalfiber optic connections for devices with fiber optic inputs and/oroutputs.

BACKGROUND

Fiber optic cables are useful for signal transfer. Light pulsesrepresenting data travel through the cables over very long distances andwith great immunity to noise and other interference. However, fiberoptic cables are more fragile than cables having electrical conductors.The fibers in the cable can be broken if the cable is bent beyond acertain amount. Once fibers are broken, signal transmission that isdependent upon those fibers terminates. Also, signal transfer in opticalfibers is more susceptible to attenuation caused by bends in the fiberthan is signal transfer through wires.

Typically, broken fibers and attenuation are not a problem in the medianregions of the fiber optic cables. However, fiber at the ends of thecables can be troublesome because the cable must often bend where theconnector attaches to a device. This is especially true when in confinedspaces, such as when the device is mounted in a wall and the fiberconnections to the device are made within the wall.

Ordinarily in walls, the fiber optic cable is routed parallel to theplane of the wall and within a gap separating panes of the wall. Thefiber connections on the device are oriented perpendicular to the planeof the wall. Therefore, the cable must bend to account for the rightangle between the direction of the fiber connector and the direction thecable is routed. If this bend forms a radius less than the minimum bendradius for the cable, a fiber break can result or the signal may becometoo attenuated for proper communication. For relatively narrowly gappedwalls, a fiber break or attenuation is more likely to occur because thecable must form a bend with a relatively smaller radius.

SUMMARY

The present invention addresses these and other problems by providingmulti-directional fiber connections. The fiber connections on the deviceare movable in relation to the housing so that the fiber optic cablescan interface with the fiber connections on the device while forming agreater bend radius than would result had fixed fiber connections beenused. The greater bend radius reduces the likelihood of broken fibers orsignal attenuation.

The present invention is embodied in a device for coupling a firstsignal line to a fiber optic cable. The device includes a main housingand also includes at least one connector receptacle that is movablysupported by the main housing. The connector receptacle is forinterfacing with the fiber optic cable.

The present invention is also embodied in a method for providing adevice that couples a first signal line to a fiber optic cable. Themethod involves providing a main housing having a connector receptaclemount and providing a connector receptacle that is configured to movablyattach to the connector receptacle mount and receive the fiber opticcable. The method also involves movably affixing the connectorreceptacle to the main housing by attaching the connector receptacle tothe connector receptacle mount.

Another device embodying the present invention includes a main housing.The device also includes means for movably supporting a connectorreceptacle within the main housing. The connector receptacle interfaceswith a fiber optic cable and transfers the signal being carried by thefiber optic cable.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a front perspective view of one device embodying the presentinvention and having a jack for transferring electrical signals andhaving two fiber optic connector receptacles for transferring lightpulses.

FIG. 2 is a rear perspective view of the device further illustrating theconnector receptacles.

FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the device.

FIG. 4 is a top view of an alternative embodiment of the device with thetop hull removed.

FIG. 5 is a top view of the device.

FIG. 6 is a front view of the device.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the electrical components of the device.

FIG. 8 is a top view of the electrical components of the device.

FIG. 9 is a front view of the components of the device.

FIG. 10 is a right side view of the components of the device.

FIG. 11 is a right side view of the two devices as they would typicallybe situated when mounted within a wall.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of two exemplary devices as they wouldtypically be situated when mounted within a wall.

FIG. 13 is a top view of another embodiment of the present inventionhaving orbital fiber connections.

FIG. 14 is a side view of the embodiment with orbital fiber connections.

FIG. 15 is an exploded perspective view of the embodiment with orbitalconnections.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detailwith reference to the drawings, wherein like reference numeralsrepresent like parts and assemblies throughout the several views.Reference to various embodiments does not limit the scope of theinvention, which is limited only by the scope of the claims attachedhereto.

The present invention provides multi-directional connections for fiberoptic cable to devices with fiber optic inputs and/or outputs referredto as connector receptacles. The multi-directional connections can takevarious forms including pivotal connections, as shown in FIGS. 1-12,that limit the connection's movement to rotation about one axis. Othermulti-directional connections are possible as well such as orbital typeconnections as shown in FIGS. 13-15 allowing movement of the connectionsin a virtually unlimited number of axes.

Devices utilizing the present invention allow the connections to beoriented in a direction that more closely aligns the connectorreceptacle with the direction of travel of the fiber optic cable. Thisalignment allows the fiber optic cable to interface with the device witha relatively large bend radius or no bend at all. Maximizing the bendradius reduces the likelihood that fiber breaks will occur or that thelight pulse signal will be too greatly attenuated for proper signaltransfer.

FIGS. 1 and 2 are front and rear perspective views and FIGS. 5 and 6 aretop and front views of one embodiment of the present invention. Thedevice 100 in this embodiment is a media converter that receives asignal in one media and outputs the signal in another media. As shown,the media converter 100 is setup to establish two-way communicationusing two fiber optic cables, one for transmitting and one forreceiving, and a single RJ-45 jack supporting bi-directionalcommunication. The media converter 100 receives light signals throughone fiber optic receptacle 106 that interfaces with a fiber optic cable(not shown) that carries the received light signal. The media converter100 outputs an electrical signal corresponding to the light signalthrough an RJ-45 jack 116 which has a plurality of electricallyconductive pins 116′.

In the embodiment shown, the media converter also receives electricalsignals through the RJ-45 jack 116 and converts the electrical signal tolight signals that are output through connector receptacle 108. Anotherfiber optic cable (not shown) interfaces with connector receptacle 108and carries the light signal being transmitted by the media converter100. Other devices in addition to media converters may utilize thepresent invention, and the number and types of connector receptacles andjacks employed by the device may vary from those shown.

The device 100 in this embodiment has a main housing 101 consisting oftwo joined hulls 102 and 104. The hulls 102, 104 are held together byassembly connections 120 formed by tabs and nubs. The hulls 102, 104provide mounting catches 114 that hold the device in place when mountedin a wall frame. The hulls 102, 104 form a semi-cylindrical end 118where the connector receptacles 106 and 108 are located. The connectorreceptacles 106, 108 of this embodiment are unified by a second housing110 that is cylindrical. The second housing 110 fits within thesemi-cylindrical end of the main housing 101 formed by hulls 102 and104.

The second housing 110 provides end shafts 112 that protrude throughholes 113 in the semi-cylindrical end of the device 100. The end shafts112 secure the second housing 110 within the main housing 101 but allowthe second housing 110 to rotate about the axis formed by the end shafts112. The second housing 110 supports the connector receptacles 106 and108. The semi-cylindrical end 118 of the main housing 101 is providedwith slots 122 and 124 from which the connector receptacles 106 and 108protrude. Because the second housing 110 is able to rotate and the slotsare provided in the main housing, the connector receptacles 106 and 108are able to pivot about the axis formed by the endshafts 112. Somefriction results from the endshafts 112 located within the holes 113,and this friction holds the receptacles 106 and 108 in a given positionwhen they are not otherwise being pivoted.

An exploded view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is shown in FIG. 3.The top hull 102 of the device 100 has mounting tabs 114 that allow thedevice to be inserted into a wall mount and fixed in place. The top hull102 also has housing assembly tabs 134 for securing the top hull 102 tothe bottom hull 104. The top hull 102 also is provided with a quartercylindrical end 119 with a semi-circular hole 113′ that supports theendshafts 112 of the second housing 110 along with a semi-circular hole113″ in the bottom hull 104.

The bottom hull 104 similarly has mounting tabs 114 for mounting thedevice to a wall mount. The bottom hull 104 also provides nubs 136 thatprovide a catch for the assembly tabs 134 located on the top hull 102.The top hull 102 and bottom hull 104 are secured together by theassembly tabs 134 and nubs 136. The media converter components of theexemplary embodiment are housed within the main housing 101 created bythe attachment of the top hull 102 and the bottom hull 104. The bottomhull 104 also provides a quarter cylindrical end 117 that forms asemi-cylindrical end 118 when mated with the quarter cylindrical end 119of the top hull 102. Slots 138 and 140 are also provided in the bottomhull 104 and are aligned with slots 122, 124 of the top hull 102 topermit connector receptacle movement relative to the main housing 101formed by the joined top and bottom hulls 102 and 104.

The media converter components within the main housing 101 include acircuit board 132 supporting jack 116. A circuit board 130 is alsoincluded and supports transformers 124, 126 and an integrated circuitchip 128. These components are discussed in more detail below withreference to FIGS. 7-10.

FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of an embodiment utilizing a transformerconfiguration different than that of the embodiment of FIGS. 1-3. Thetop hull 102 has been removed so that the fit of the components withinthe bottom hull 104 can be seen. In this embodiment, the transformers124′ and 126′ are mounted side-by-side with their longitudinal directionextending side-to-side rather than front-to-back. The transformers 124′and 126′ are mounted to a circuit board 130′ having a space 128′ formounting the integrated circuit chip 128. The circuit board 130′ mountsto a circuit board 133 supporting the jack 116. The circuit board 133 issupported by the bottom hull 104 that also supports the second housing110 with receptacles 106, 108.

The media converter components, partially shown in FIGS. 7-10, are wellknown in the art and include the RJ-45 jack 116 mounted to a circuitboard 132. Also included in the standard media converter components arethe integrated circuit 128 and transformers 124 and 126. As shown, theintegrated circuit 128 and transformers 124 and 126 are mounted oncircuit board 130 that is connected to circuit board 132 by headerconnector 131. The circuit board 132 permits transfer of electricalsignals from the RJ-45 jack 116 to circuit board 130 and from circuitboard 130 to a flex circuit 142 that electrically communicates withreceptacle circuit board 123. Receptacle circuit board 123 supportsconverter circuitry (not shown) that communicates with the integratedcircuit 128 through the flex circuit 142. The converter circuitry (notshown) and receptacle board 123 are mounted within the second housing110.

The converter circuitry (not shown) supported by the receptacle circuitboard 123 and housed by the second housing 110 has a photodetector fixedrelative to the connector receptacle 106 for receiving light that hastransferred from the fiber optic cable that is connected to theconnector receptacle 106. The photodetector converts the light pulsesinto electrical signals that are passed to the integrated circuit 128through the flex circuit 142. The integrated circuit 128 takes theelectrical data signals from the photodetector and conditions thesignal, as is well known in the art, for transmission through electricalwires that contact the pins 116′ of the RJ-45 jack 116.

The converter circuitry supported by the receptacle circuit board 123and housed by the second housing 110 also has a light emitter fixedrelative to the connector receptacle 108. The emitter is for applyinglight pulses to the fiber optic cable interfaced with the connectorreceptacle 108. The emitter converts electrical signals that were passedthrough the RJ-45 jack 116 and conditioned by the integrated circuit 128into the light pulse signals that can be transmitted by the fiber opticcable. The emitter receives the electrical signal through the flexcircuit 142.

As is known in the art, the flex circuit 142 is a flexible piece ofmaterial that has individual, isolated conductors passing through it.The flex circuit 142 allows the emitter and the photodetector to remainin electrical communication with the circuit board 130 even though theemitter and photodetector move in relation to the circuit board 130 whenthe connector receptacles 106 and 108 move in relation to the mainhousing 101. In this embodiment, the flex circuit 142 allows the bend inthe signal transfer media to occur in wires of the flex circuit 142rather than in the fiber. Wires generally are not damaged by arelatively small bend radius, and electrical signal attenuation does notoccur in wire bends. Therefore, signal transfer is unaffected by themovement of the connector receptacles 106 and 108 in relation to themain housing 101.

Although the embodiment shown illustrates a main housing 101 supportingthe connector receptacles 106, 108 such that they may pivot, theconnector receptacles 106, 108 may be movably supported in other ways.For example, the connector receptacles may be orbitally supported by themain housing 101 as shown in FIGS. 13-15 and discussed below.Furthermore, the connector receptacles may vary in number for a givendevice and may be independently movable with respect to one another. Forinstance, each connector receptacle may have its own independent orbitalsupport.

Also, the connector receptacles may movably attach to the main housingdirectly, rather than through the secondary housing. The main housingmay provide connector receptacle mounts other than a second housing. Forexample, the connector receptacles could mount to the main housing withpins that rotate within mounting holes provided by the main housing.Other methods for mounting the connector receptacles to the main housingwithout using secondary housings are possible as well.

The range of movement of the connector receptacles can be restricted ifnecessary. Limiting the size of the slot that the connector receptacleprotrudes from is one way to provide such a restriction. An example ofwhere a limited range of movement is desirable is where the opening inthe secondary housing that allows the flex circuit to pass through canbe partially exposed to the outside by the slot for the connectorreceptacle's protrusion. If a restriction is not imposed and theconnector receptacle is moved to an extreme position, such exposure mayoccur. Therefore, it may be desirable to prevent the opening for theflex circuit to be exposed to prevent debris from entering the secondhousing and/or the main housing.

FIG. 11 shows a side view and FIG. 12 shows a perspective view of twomedia converter units 200, 202 being positioned in a wall mountconfiguration. The units 200 and 202 are horizontally mounted and theends opposite the fiber optic cable connectors 204, 206 typically mountflush with the wall's surface. Often the wall is double paned with a gapbetween each pane. The units 200 and 202 mount within the gap to remainout of view.

Fiber optic cables generally pass between the panes and approach theunits 200 and 202 from above or below. The connector receptacles 208 and210 can be angled toward the approach direction of the fiber opticcables 204, 206. The fiber optic cables 204 and 206 can be aligned withand inserted into the connector receptacles 208 and 210 with a minimumamount of bending. Because the connector receptacles 208 and 210 aredirected toward the cable's direction of travel, the bend radius of thefiber optic cable near the cable connectors 208 and 210 is maximized oreliminated altogether.

FIGS. 13-15 show an alternative embodiment of the present inventionemploying orbital connections to the main housing 300 for each connectorreceptacle 306, 308. The orbital or ball-and-socket type connectionsallow the connector receptacles to move in many directions relative tothe main housing, and to move independently of one another. Thus, thefiber cable providing a signal to the device may approach from onedirection and the fiber cable transmitting a signal from the device mayapproach from another direction.

The housing 300 includes a top hull 302 and a bottom hull 304 attachedto one another with assembly connections 320. The housing 300 includesmounting tabs 314 for fixing the device in place within a wall mount.The bottom hull 304 supports a circuit board 332. The circuit board 332supports a jack 316 and a header connector 331. A circuit board 330 ismounted to the header connector 331 and supports transformers 324, 326and an integrated circuit chip (not shown) that may be mounted in chiparea 328. The circuit board 332 provides electrical connections betweenthe jack 316 and the chip. The circuit board 332 also provideselectrical connections between the chip and two flex circuits (notshown).

One flex circuit carries electrical signals between the circuit board332 and a photoelectric circuit board 323. The photoelectric circuitboard 323 is connected to the connector receptacle 308. The other flexcircuit carries electrical signals between the circuit board 332 and aphotoelectric circuit board 325. The photoelectric circuit board 325 isconnected to the connector receptacle 306. The photoelectric circuitboard 323 is mounted within an orb 309 including a top orb hull 310 anda bottom orb hull 310′. Likewise, the photoelectric circuit board 325 ismounted within an orb 312 including a top orb hull 311 and a bottom orbhull 311′.

The orb 309 is supported by the main housing 300, but the connectorreceptacle 308 remains movable in many directions due to thesemi-circular recess 324 in the top hull 302 and the semi-circularrecess 340 in the bottom hull 304 that form a circular hole of the mainhousing 300 that is slightly smaller in diameter than the orb 309.Likewise, the orb 312 is supported by the main housing 300, but theconnector receptacle 306 remains movable in many directions due to thesemi-circular recess 322 in the top hull 302 and the semi-circularrecess 338 in the bottom hull 304. The circular holes of the mainhousing 300 are formed on a semi-cylindrical end 318.

The two orbs 309 and 312 are independently movable with respect to thehousing 300. Thus, an input fiber cable (not shown) may approach themain housing 300 from one direction while the output fiber cable (notshown) may approach the main housing 300 from another direction, andeach orb 309, 312 can be moved to point toward the direction from whichthe corresponding fiber cable approaches. For example, the input fibercable may approach from above the housing 300 while the output cableapproaches from below the housing 300. Orb 309 can be directed upwardwhile orb 312 is directed downward. Similarly, the input cable mayapproach from the left while the output cable approaches from the right.Orb 309 can be directed to the left while orb 312 is directed to theright.

While the invention has been particularly shown and described withreference to preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood bythose skilled in the art that various other changes in the form anddetails may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scopeof the invention.

1. A device for coupling a signal line to a fiber optic cable, thedevice comprising: a main housing; a connector receptacle movable inrelation to the main housing; a photodetector fixed in relation to theconnector receptacle, the photodetector configured to convert lightsignals received in the connector receptacle into electrical signals;and circuitry for transferring the electrical signals between the fiberoptic cable and signal line.
 2. The device of claim 1, wherein thecircuitry is configured to transfer the electrical signals from thephotodetector to the signal line.
 3. The device of claim 1, wherein thecircuitry is configured to transfer the electrical signals from thesignal line to the connector receptacle.
 4. The device of claim 3,wherein the circuitry includes an emitter.
 5. The device of claim 1,wherein the circuitry includes a flex circuit.
 6. The device of claim 1,wherein the circuitry includes an integrated circuit within the mainhousing.
 7. The device of claim 1, wherein the circuitry includes anRJ-45 jack.
 8. The device of claim 1, wherein the main housing includesa top portion and a bottom portion joined at a junction.
 9. The deviceof claim 8, wherein the junction of the top portion and the bottomportion defines a cavity.
 10. The device of claim 9, wherein theconnector receptacle is orbitally supported by the main housing withinthe cavity defined by the top portion and the bottom portion.
 11. Thedevice of claim 1, wherein the connector receptacle is pivotallysupported by at least one elongated slot, the elongated slot defining anelongated shape disposed along an exterior surface of the main housingthrough which the connector receptacle protrudes.
 12. The device ofclaim 1, further comprising a second connector receptacle independentlymovable relative to the main housing and the connector receptacle. 13.The device of claim 1, wherein the main housing includes one or moremounting tabs.
 14. A device for coupling a signal line to a fiber opticcable, the device comprising: a main housing including a junction of atop portion and a bottom portion defining a cavity, the main housingincluding an RJ-45 jack at least partially within the cavity; aconnector receptacle movable in relation to the main housing; aphotodetector fixed in relation to the connector receptacle, thephotodetector configured to convert light signals received in theconnector receptacle into electrical signals; and circuitry fortransferring the electrical signals from the photodetector to signalline via the RJ-45 jack.
 15. The device of claim 14, wherein thecircuitry is additionally configured for transferring the electricalsignals from the signal line to the fiber optic cable.
 16. The device ofclaim 14, wherein the circuitry includes a flex circuit.
 17. The deviceof claim 14, wherein the main housing includes one or more mountingtabs.
 18. The device of claim 14, wherein the connector receptacle isorbitally supported by the main housing within the cavity defined by thetop portion and the bottom portion.
 19. The device of claim 14, whereinthe connector receptacle is pivotally supported by at least oneelongated slot, the elongated slot defining an elongated shape disposedalong an exterior surface of the main housing through which theconnector receptacle protrudes.
 20. The device of claim 14, furthercomprising a second connector receptacle independently movable relativeto the main housing and the connector receptacle.